I. Overview

The Vehicle Parking System is a web-based application designed to efficiently manage parking sites, monitor vehicle entries and exits, and process payment transactions automatically.

The system provides specialized access levels for Customers, Staff, Administrators, and Managers to ensure a secure and organized workflow. It allows customers to top up their digital wallets, purchase monthly subscriptions, and book parking slots; enables staff to manage parking cards and operate check-in/check-out; and empowers administrators to oversee the entire system, configure pricing, and manage facilities.

The project is developed using Java Servlet, JSP, and JDBC technologies, with data managed by the Microsoft SQL Server database system. This system was created to comprehensively digitize the parking operations process, enhance the accuracy of fee calculations, and optimize the overall experience for both drivers and facility operators.

1. User Requirements

1.1 Actors

No	Actor	Description
1	Customer	The main user of the system, can view available site. Customers can create an account, top up their digital wallet, purchase monthly/yearly parking packages (subscriptions), reserve parking spots in advance (bookings), and track their parking and payment history.
2	Staff	Employees working directly at the parking facilities; responsible for managing parking cards, processing vehicle entries and exits (Check-in/Check-out), and monitoring current capacity.
3	Manager	Managers of specific parking sites; authorized to view revenue reports, track vehicle statistics, and monitor personnel for their assigned site.
4	Admin	High-level system administrator; manages all accounts, site infrastructure, dynamic pricing tables, and monitors system-wide revenue.
5	Guest	Similar to Customer - view available parking site, Guest can check in and out and purchase subscription to the parking site without login.

1.2 Use Cases

b. Descriptions

ID	Feature	Use Case	Use Case Description
1	Customer	View Parking Sites	Browse and view a list of available parking locations, including addresses, operating hours, and current status (available slots) without requiring a login.
2		View Site Details	View comprehensive information about a specific parking site, such as pricing tables (hourly/monthly), and exact location on the map.
3		Register / Login	Create a new personal account or authenticate existing credentials to access personalized features and transaction history.
4		Booking Hourly Card	Book a short-term parking slot for a specific date and time. Note: The booking duration must be at least 1 hour to be valid.
5		Buying Subscription (Monthly Card)	Subscribe to a long-term parking service for a specific vehicle at a chosen site, typically offering better rates for recurring users.
6		Update Profile	Manage and edit personal information, including contact details (phone, email) and vehicle information (license plate, vehicle type).
7		View history	View all history subscriptions and bookings.
4	Staff	Log In / Log Out	Authenticate into the ParkStaff system and end the working shift session.
5		Process Vehicle Check-In	Scan parking card, input/capture license plate, identify vehicle type (car/motorbike), and create an active parking session.
6		Process Vehicle Check-Out	Scan parking card, verify if the output license plate matches the entry plate, and check the subscription status.
7		Calculate Fee & Process Payment	Automatically calculate parking fees based on duration and price configurations (hourly, booking, or subscription), display the fee modal, and process the checkout transaction.
8		Search and Query Vehicles	Search for specific vehicles currently in the parking site using license plate or card ID, and view their current parking status.
9		Manage Subscriptions	Look up registered monthly passes for regular customers, check card validity/expiration dates, and process subscription renewals.
10		View Parking History	View logs of recent vehicle entries and exits, and track daily check-in/check-out records handled at the station.
11	Manager	Log In / Log Out	Authenticate as manager to access the site-specific management dashboard.
12		View site dashboard	Monitor real-time statistics, active sessions, and revenue strictly for their assigned parking site.
13		View site history	Control subscription and history transactions.
14		View site reports	Monitor site system revenue, overall staff statistics, and site generate financial reports.
15		View site staff	Control all staffs of their parking site.
16	Admin	Log In / Log Out	Authenticate as system administrator to access the full global admin panel.
17		Mange parking site	Add, edit, or close parking sites, and define their specific parking areas and capacities.
18		Manage staff accounts	Add, edit, view, or deactivate (soft delete) Manager, Staff accounts.
19		Manage price configs	Set up and update dynamic pricing rules (hourly, monthly) for different vehicle types at each site.
20		View system reports	Monitor global system revenue, overall staff statistics, and generate financial reports.
21		Manage history	Control subscription and history transactions.
22	Guest	View parking sites	Browse and view public information about available parking sites without login.
23		Casual check-in & check-out	Enter and exit the parking site as a casual user by receiving a parking card and paying the hourly fee without needing an account.
24		Register monthly subscription	Apply for a monthly parking pass by providing vehicle details and personal information.

2. Overall Functionalities

2.1 Screens Flow

2.2 Screen Descriptions

#	Feature	Screen	Description
1	Registration	Registration Page	Allows new users (Guests) to create a Customer account to access booking and subscription features.
2	Login	Login Page	Enables Customers, Staff, Managers, and Admins to authenticate and log in using their credentials.
3	Home Navigation	Home Page	Displays system introduction, public parking sites, purchase subscription and provides access to Login and Registration.
4	Search Sites	Booking	Users can search for available parking sites by name, location, or region (North, Middle, South).
5	View Site Details	Site Details Page	Shows detailed information about a selected parking site, including capacity, vehicle types supported, and pricing.
6	Profile	View Job Details	Shows detailed information about a selected job and allows applying.
7	Profile Management	Customer Profile	Customers can update their personal information.
8	Booking Management	Booking Slot Page	Customers can reserve a parking slot in advance for a specific vehicle type, date, and time.
9	Subscription Management	Subscription Page	Customers can register, view, or renew monthly/ yearly parking passes (subscriptions) for their vehicles.
10	History Tracking	Parking & Transaction History (customer proflie)	Customers can view their past parking sessions, bookings, and detailed payment transactions.
11	Staff Dashboard (Check-in / Check-out)	Staff Dashboard	Manage real-time vehicle entry and exit. Main operational interface featuring dual actions: inputting Card ID/License Plate for Check-in, and processing Check-out with an automated fee estimation modal. Includes the Offcanvas Sidebar for navigation.
12	Vehicle Searching	Vehicle Searching Page	Query real-time and historical vehicle data. Contains search inputs (by License Plate or Card ID), status filters, and a data table displaying current parking sessions, entry times, and vehicle types.
13	Staff Subscription Management	Subscription Management Screen	Monitor and renew monthly parking passes. Displays a paginated list of registered subscribers, pass validity state (Active/Expired), vehicle details, and action buttons for pass renewal or registering new monthly tickets.
14	Parking History Management	Parking History Screen	Track daily transaction logs. Shows a detailed table of completed parking sessions, including check-in/out timestamps, calculated fees, and total parking duration handled during the staff's shift.
15	Fee Estimation	Payment Modal (Popup)	Display pricing details and confirm checkout. A popup overlay triggered during check-out, displaying extracted data (Time In, Duration, Expected Fee) and a final confirmation button to complete the transaction.
16	Manager Dashboard	Manager Dashboard	Main interface for managers to view revenue, transactions, and statistics strictly for their assigned parking site.
17	Admin Dashboard	Admin Dashboard	Main interface for admins to monitor global system revenue, overall user statistics, and overall operations.
18	Manage Staff	Manage Staff	Admins can add, edit, or deactivate (soft delete) Admin, Manager, Staff accounts, searching staff by id, name, role and site that they signed.
19	Manage Sites & Areas	Manage Parking Sites	Admins can create new parking sites, configure specific parking areas, and define slot capacities, create the amount of cards, also find any site by searching bar.
20	Manage Pricing	Update ParkingSites	Admins can set up and dynamically update base prices (hourly, monthly) for different vehicle types.
21	Global Reports	System Reports	Admins and Manager can generate and review overall financial reports and payment transactions across all sites or only one site that choosen by admin.
22	Logout	Logout	Allows users to securely exit the system and end their session.

2.3 Screen Authorization

#	Screen	Admin	Manager	Staff	Customer
1	Home & Search Sites				x
2	Registration				x
3	Login	x	x	x	x
4	Customer Profile				x
5	Bookings & Subscriptions				x
6	Parking & Transaction History				x
7	Staff Dashboard (Check-in / Check-out)			x
8	Vehicle Searching			x
	Staff Subscription Management			x
	Parking History Management			x
	Fee Estimation			x
9	Manager Dashboard & Site Reports		x
10	Manager Site		x
11	Manager Staff		x
12	Manager Transaction & Subscription		x
13	Admin Dashboard & Global Reports	x
14	Admin Site	x
15	Admin Staff	x
16	Admin Transaction & Subscription	x
17	Logout	x	x	x	x

3. System High Level Design

3.2 Table Descriptions

No	Table	Description
1	Accounts	Stores user login credentials, access roles (admin, staff, customer), and account status.
2	Vehicle Types	Manages supported vehicle categories (e.g., "car", "motorbike").
3	Parking Sites	Stores information about physical parking facilities (Name, Address, Region, Operational State...).
4	Employees	Stores personal and contact information of staff and managers assigned to specific parking sites.
5	Customers	Stores profiles of users utilizing the parking services (Name, Phone, Email, Wallet Balance...).
6	Parking Areas	Manages specific parking zones within a site, defining vehicle type restrictions and slot capacity.
7	Parking Cards	Manages physical RFID cards used for vehicle identification during check-in and check-out.
8	Price Configs	Stores dynamic pricing rules and base rates based on site, vehicle type, and billing cycle.
9	Subscriptions	Manages long-term parking passes (monthly/yearly), including assigned vehicles and valid date ranges.
10	Parking Sessions	Records real-time vehicle entry and exit events, calculating actual parking duration and incurred fees.
11	Bookings	Stores advance parking reservations made by customers, including expected arrival/departure times.
12	Payment Transactions	Logs all financial records and collected revenues from parking sessions, bookings, and subscriptions.

II. Web Application

This section provides detailed descriptions of the user interfaces and corresponding data fields for each system screen.

2.1. Customer

Field Name	Field Type	Description
subscriptions	List	Collection of the customer's subscription records.
subState	Enum/String	The current state of the subscription ('active' or 'expired').
vehicleTypeId	Integer	ID representing the vehicle category (e.g., 1 for Car, 2 for Motorbike).
actionType	String	Hidden field defining the form operation: 'checkin' or 'checkout'.
siteId	Integer	The unique identifier of the parking site.
siteName	String	The name of the parking site for the subscription.
licensePlate	String	The license plate number registered for the subscription.
endDate	Date	The expiration date of the current subscription.
dayRemain	Integer	The number of days remaining until the subscription expires.
basePrice	Long	The base price for 1 month, used dynamically in JS to calculate renewal plans.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
bookings	List	Collection of the customer's bookings records.
bookingId	Integer	The unique identifier for the booking transaction.
siteName	String	The name of the parking site where the booking was made.
timeIn	Date/Timestamp	The expected arrival time of the vehicle
bookingAmount	Long	The total amount paid or to be paid for the booking.
state	String	The current status of the booking (e.g., 'upcoming', 'completed').

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteName	String	The name of the parking facility displayed in the hero section.
address	String	The physical address of the site (also used for Google Maps embedding).
vehicles	List	A list of vehicle objects supported by the site (e.g., Car, Motorbike).
siteState	Enum/String	Current operational status (e.g., OPERATING, MAINTENANCE).
dateError	String	Server-side validation message displayed if date selection is invalid.
dateIn	Date	The scheduled arrival date (Format: yyyy-MM-dd).
timeIn	Time	The scheduled arrival time (Format: HH:mm).
dateOut	Date	The scheduled departure date.
timeOut	Time	The scheduled departure time.
typeVehicle	Intger	The unique identifier (vehicleTypeId) of the selected vehicle category.
hour	Intger	The calculated total duration in hours (computed via JavaScript).
price	Intger	The base hourly rate for the selected vehicle type.
totalPrice	Intger	The final calculated cost (hour × price).

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteName	String	The name of the parking facility displayed in the header and order summary.
address	String	The physical location of the site, used for the address label and the Google Maps iframe query.
vehicles	List	A list of vehicle objects supported by the site (e.g., Car, Motorbike).
siteId	Integer	The unique identifier of the site, used as a hidden parameter for the payment API.
planType	Radio (String)	The subscription duration: month (1 month), quarter (3 months), or year (12 months).
licensePlate	String	The vehicle's registration plate number, validated via Regex before submission.
price-month/quarter/year	Long	Display labels showing the calculated price per period (K VND) after applying discounts.
summary-expiry	Date	The calculated validity range (e.g., 17/03/2026 - 31/03/2026) based on the chosen plan.
summary-subtotal	Long	The raw total cost before any discounts are applied (BasePrice x Months)
summary-total	Long	The final amount to be paid after applying the discount rate (10% for Quarter, 17% for Year).

2.2. Staff

Field Name	Field Type	Description
cardId	String	Unique identifier scanned from the physical RFID parking card.
licensePlate	String	Alphanumeric license plate of the vehicle (requires validation).
vehicleTypeId	Integer	ID representing the vehicle category (e.g., 1 for Car, 2 for Motorbike).
actionType	String	Hidden field defining the form operation: 'checkin' or 'checkout'.
estimatedFeeInput	Long	Hidden field storing the pre-calculated parking fee returned by the API.
timeIn	Timestamp	Display-only field showing the exact time the vehicle entered the site.
duration	String	Display-only field showing the total elapsed parking time.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
searchQuery	String	Text input for searching by either license plate or parking card ID.
statusFilter	String	Dropdown to filter parking sessions by status ('Active' or 'Completed').
fromDate	Date	Optional start date input for filtering parking records within a timeframe.
toDate	Date	Optional end date input for filtering parking records.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
phoneInput	String	Customer's 10-digit phone number used for lookup via AJAX API.
customerName	String	Full name of the subscription holder (auto-filled if existing customer).
licensePlate	String	The specific license plate bound to this monthly/quarterly subscription.
vehicleTypeId	Integer	Category ID of the registered vehicle.
subType	String	Subscription package selected by the customer (e.g., '1-month', '3-months').
startDate	Date	The activation date of the parking pass.
endDate	Date	The calculated expiration date of the pass (display only).
sumCardPrice	Long	Total price of the selected subscription package to be collected.

2.3. Manager

Field Name	Field Type	Description
parkingSite.siteName	String	The name of the parking site.
parkingSite.address	String	The physical address of the parking site.
parkingSite.region	Enum / String	The region or district where the site is located.
parkingSite.siteState	Enum / String	The current operational state of the site (e.g., Active).
formData.regions	List<Enum>	List of all available regions for mapping the display label.
formData.states	List<Enum>	List of all available site states for mapping the display label.
formData.vehicles	List<Object>	Master list of all vehicle types.
vehicleConfigDTOs	List<Object>	List of configurations (capacity, price) specific to the site.
config.vehicleTypeId	Integer / String	Identifier matching the specific vehicle type.
config.capacity	Integer	Maximum parking capacity for the specific vehicle type.
config.hourlyPrice	Long	Price per hour for parking this vehicle type.
config.monthlyPrice	Long	Price per month for subscribing this vehicle type.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteName	String	The name of the site where the employees work.
param.search	String	Search keyword entered by the manager (name, phone, etc.).
listEmployees	List<Employee>	Collection of employee records working at the site.
emp.firstName	String	The first name of the employee.
emp.lastName	String	The last name of the employee.
emp.phone	String	The contact phone number of the employee.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
param.search	String	Search keyword (transaction code, customer name, license plate).
param.status	String	Filter parameter for subscription status.
param.type	String	Filter parameter for vehicle type.
listTransactions	List<Object>	Collection of subscription transaction records.
tx.transactionCode	String	Unique code identifying the subscription transaction.
tx.customerName	String	Full name of the subscribed customer.
tx.avatarInitials	String	Initials extracted from customer's name for avatar display.
tx.licensePlate	String	License plate number of the registered vehicle.
tx.vehicleType	String	Type of vehicle (e.g., car, motorbike).
tx.startDate	Date	The start date of the subscription validity.
tx.endDate	Date	The expiration date of the subscription validity.
tx.totalAmount	Long	Total monetary amount paid for the subscription.
tx.status	String	Current status of the subscription (completed, accepted, failed).

Field Name	Field Type	Description
param.search	String	Search keyword (transaction code or customer name).
param.serviceType	String	Filter parameter for the type of service (casual vs subscription).
param.status	String	Filter parameter for transaction status.
listTransactions	List<Object>	Collection of payment transaction records.
tx.transactionCode	String	Unique transaction identifier.
tx.avatarInitials	String	Initials extracted from customer's name for avatar display.
tx.customerName	String	Name of the customer who made the payment.
tx.serviceType	String	The type of parking service purchased.
tx.amount	Long	Total amount of the transaction.
tx.paymentMethod	String	The method used for payment (e.g., cash, banking).
tx.paymentTime	Date / Timestamp	The exact date and time the payment occurred.
tx.status	String	Status of the transaction (completed, accepted, failed).

2.4. Admin

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteId	Dropdown (Select)	Used to filter chart and statistical data by "All" or a specific active parking site.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteSearchQuery	Text Input	Search box for parking sites based on the site name or physical address.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteName	Text Input (Required)	The name of the parking site (e.g., ParkEasy District 1).
siteAddress	Text Input (Required)	The detailed physical address of the parking facility.
siteRegion	Dropdown (Select)	The geographical region of the site (e.g., North, Middle, South).
siteState	Dropdown (Select)	The initial operational status when creating the site (Operating, Maintenance, Closed).
vehicleType	Dropdown (Array)	Selection of supported vehicle types in the site (Car, Motorbike, etc.).
capacity	Number Input (Array)	The maximum quantity/capacity (Slots) for the corresponding vehicle type.
hourlyPrice	Text Input (Array)	Sets the hourly parking fee (VND).
monthlyPrice	Text Input (Array)	Sets the monthly subscription fee (VND).

Field Name	Field Type	Description
siteName	Text Input	Updates the name of the parking site.
siteAddress	Text Input	Updates the detailed address of the parking site.
siteRegion	Dropdown (Select)	Updates the affiliated geographical region.
siteManager	Dropdown (Select)	Assigns a specific employee to manage this site directly.
siteState	Dropdown (Select)	Updates the operational status of the site.
cardQuantity	Number Input	Enter the number of physical parking cards to be additionally issued for this site.
siteId (Hidden)	Hidden Input	The identification ID of the parking site (used behind the scenes for adding cards or deleting the site).
vehicleType	Dropdown (Array)	List of vehicle types to configure or update.
capacity	Number Input (Array)	Updates the maximum capacity for the specified vehicle type.
hourlyPrice	Text Input (Array)	Updates the hourly parking price.
monthlyPrice	Text Input (Array)	Updates the monthly subscription price.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
employeeSearch	Text Input	Search box by employee name or identification code.
roleFilter	Dropdown (Select)	Filters the employee list by role (All, Admin, Manager, Staff).

Field Name	Field Type	Description
lastName	Text Input (Required)	The last name and middle name of the employee.
firstName	Text Input (Required)	The first name of the employee.
phone	Tel Input (Required)	The phone number used for contact and as the login account.
siteId	Dropdown (Select)	Selects the specific parking site the employee is assigned to work at (or "No site").
password	Password (Required)	The password to access the system.
confirmPassword	Password (Required)	Re-enter the password for verification.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
employeeId (Hidden)	Hidden Input	The identification ID of the employee (not displayed on the UI, used when submitting the update form or deleting the account).
lastName	Text Input (Required)	Updates the last name and middle name.
firstName	Text Input (Required)	Updates the first name.
phone	Tel Input (Required)	Updates the contact phone number.
siteId	Dropdown (Select)	Transfers this employee to manage or work at another parking site.

Field Name	Field Type	Description
searchQuery	Text Input	Search box to find subscriptions by license plate, customer name, or phone number.
siteFilter	Dropdown (Select)	Filters the subscription list by a specific parking site.
statusFilter	Dropdown (Select)	Filters subscriptions by their current status (e.g., Active, Expired, Pending).
vehicleTypeFilter	Dropdown (Select)	Filters the list by vehicle type (Car, Motorbike).

Field Name	Field Type	Description
transactionSearch	Text Input	Search box to lookup specific transactions using Transaction ID or Customer Phone.
dateRangeFilter	Date Range Picker	Filters the transaction list within a specific start date and end date.
transactionType	Dropdown (Select)	Filters records by payment type (Wallet Top-up, Subscription Purchase, Booking Deposit, Casual Parking Fee).
paymentStatus	Dropdown (Select)	Filters the transactions by their completion status (Success, Failed, Pending).
siteFilter	Dropdown (Select)	Filters transactions that occurred at a specific parking site (useful for revenue allocation).

III. Students Contribution

Student Number	Full Name	Works	Percentage
HE200115	Nguyễn Thành Đạt	Code Admin, Manager business logic	34%
HE201167	Nguyễn Minh Hiếu	Code Customer business logic	33%
HE200247	Nguyễn Nhật Minh	Code Staff business logic	33%

IV. Appendix

4.1. Assumptions & Dependencies

• AS-1: The operational system for Staff and Admin/Manager will be used within the organization's internal network for security, while Customers can access the booking system via the Internet.
• DE-1: Users have basic knowledge of using standard web browsers.

4.2. Limitations & Exclusions

• L-E: The system will not natively support mobile platforms (no dedicated mobile app) in the current version.

4.3. Business Rules

• BR-1: Default admin account: MemberID is "admin" and password is "admin".
• BR-2: Default manager account: MemberID is "staff3" and password is "123".
• BR-3: Default staff account: MemberID is "staff2" and password is "123".
• BR-4: Default customer account: MemberID is "customer1" and password is "123".